The Emergence of Modern Europe

The Emergence of Modern Europe — page 1 — Published in 2018 by Britannica Educational Publishing a trademark of Encyclopædia Britannica Inc in association with The Rosen Publishing Group Inc 29 East 21st Street New York NY 10010 Copyright 2018 by Encyclopædia Britannica Inc Britannica Encyclopædia Britannica and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia Britannica Inc All rights reserved Rosen Publishing materials copyright 2018 The Rosen Publishing Group Inc All rights reserved Distributed exclusively by Rosen Publishing To see additional Britannica Educational Publishing titles go to rosenpublishing com First Edition Britannica Educational Publishing J E Luebering Executive Director Core Editorial Andrea R Field Managing Editor Compton’s by Britannica Rosen Publishing Meredith Day Editor Nelson Sá Art Director Brian Garvey Designer Cindy Reiman Photography Manager Bruce Donnola Photo Researcher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names Roscoe Kelly editor Title The emergence of modern Europe edited by Kelly Roscoe Description First edition New York Britannica Educational Publishing in association with Rosen Educational Services 2018 Series Power and religion in medieval and renaissance times Includes bibliographical references and index Identifiers LCCN 2016053737 ISBN 9781680486223 eBook Subjects LCSH Europe History 17th century History Modern 17th century Thirty Years War 1618-1648 Classification LCC D246 E47 2018 DDC 940 2 2 dc23 LC record available at https lccn loc gov 2016053737 Manufactured in the United States of America Photo credits Cover pp 3 13 43 56 72 88 105 Conde Shutterstock com pp 8-9 106 110 Photos com Thinkstock pp 16-17 DEA A Dagli Orti De Agostini Getty Images pp 20-21 22 76-77 Print Collector Hulton Archive Getty Images pp 26-27 Print Collector Hulton Fine Art Collection Getty Images p 31 Universal History Archive Universal Images Group Getty Images pp 34-35 52 De Agostini Picture Library Getty Images pp 40-41 Universal Images Group Getty Images pp 45 64-65 112 114 Encyclopædia Britannica Inc p 47 Alamy Stock Photo p 49 Everett Art Shut terstoc com p 58 Georgios Kollidas Shutterstock com pp 60 74-75 ullstein bild Getty Images pp 66-67 Apic Hulton Archive Getty Images p 69 Interfoto Alamy Stock Photo p 80 Courtesy of the Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna pp 84-85 Christophe Boisvieux Corbis Historical Getty Images pp 90-91 Imagno Hulton Fine Art Collection Getty Images p 93 Courtesy of the Bayerische Staatsgemaldesammlungen Munich p 94 Private Collection Bridgeman Images pp 96-97 ZU_09 Getty Images pp 102-103 Deutsches Historisches Museum Berlin Germany DHM Bridgeman Images interior pages background and border graphics Roberto Castillo Shutterstock com back cover flourish Drakonova Shutterstock com

The Emergence of Modern Europe — page 2 — INTRODUCTION 8 CHAPTER 1 ECONOMICS AND SOCIETY 13 Demographics 15 TraDe anD The aTlanTic revoluTion 19 prices anD inflaTion 22 lanDlorDs anD peasanTs 24 proToinDusTrializaTion 29 Banking and Finance 30 poliTical anD culTural influences on The economy 36 a new social hisTory 38 CHAPTER 2 THE STATE OF EUROPEAN POLITICS 43 naTion-sTaTes anD DynasTic rivalries 43 exploration oF the new world 44 charles v 48 Contents

The Emergence of Modern Europe — page 3 — The oTToman empire 51 easTern europe 54 CHAPTER 3 THE REFORMATION 56 The reformaTion Begins 57 The counTer-reformaTion 59 Diplomacy in The age of reformaTion 61 The wars of religion 63 the peace oF augsBurg 68 CHAPTER 4 THE THIRTY YEARS WAR BEGINS 72 The crisis in germany 73 the catholic league 77 The crisis in The haBsBurg lanDs 81 CHAPTER 5 MILITARY CAMPAIGNS OF THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 88 The Triumph of The caTholics 1619 29 89 The crisis of The war 1629 35 94

The Emergence of Modern Europe — page 4 — attempts at peace 98 The european war in germany 1635 45 100 CHAPTER 6 AFTERMATH OF THE THIRTY YEARS WAR 105 resoluTion in germany 105 resoluTion in The neTherlanDs sweDen anD france 107 the Fronde 108 proBlems noT solveD By The war 111 proBlems solveD By The war 113 CONCLUSION 117 GLOSSARY 118 BIBLIOGRAPHY 120 INDEX 125

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