Ancient Mesopotamia

Ancient Mesopotamia — page 3 — www abdopublishing com Published by Abdo Publishing a division of ABDO PO Box 398166 Minneapolis Minnesota 55439 Copyright 2015 by Abdo Consulting Group Inc International copyrights reserved in all countries No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher Essential Library is a trademark and logo of Abdo Publishing Printed in the United States of America North Mankato Minnesota 102014 012015 Cover Photos Shutterstock Images Interior Photos Shutterstock Images 2 12 inset 27 28 52 78 79 Al Hoch Janesville Gazette AP Images 6 7 John R McDermott National Geographic Society Corbis 9 Courtesy of Penn Museum 10 11 iStock Thinkstock 12 Tina Hager arabianEye Getty Images 14 SuperStock Glow Images 16 Stefano Bianchetti Corbis 19 Levgen Sosnytskyi Shutterstock Images 20 21 Herbert M Herget National Geographic Society Corbis 30 31 35 63 64 77 Vladimir Korostyshevskiy Shutterstock Images 33 CM Dixon Heritage Images Glow Images 37 iStockphoto 40 41 Gianni Dagli Orti Corbis 43 85 Bettmann Corbis 45 71 Werner Forman Archive Glow Images 47 56 57 75 Tony Baggett iStockphoto 49 Richard Ashworth Robert Harding Glow Images 50 51 Dorling Kindersley Thinkstock 54 87 Science Source 60 Prof Albert T Clay National Geographic Society Corbis 67 Namir Noor-Eldeen Pool epa Corbis 72 73 The University of Chicago AP Images 81 Mbzt Wikimedia Commons 83 US Navy 90 91 Babak Tafreshi National Geographic Society Corbis 93 Stuart Campbell AP Images 95 Editor Arnold Ringstad Series Designer Jake Nordby Library of Congress Control Number 2014943879 Cataloging-in-Publication Data Head Tom Ancient Mesopotamia Tom Head p cm Ancient civilizations ISBN 978-1-62403-541-8 lib bdg Includes bibliographical references and index 1 Iraq Civilization To 634 Juvenile literature 2 Iraq History Juvenile literature 3 Iraq Social life and customs Juvenile literature I Title 935 dc23 2014943879 ABD_ANC_MES_FPGS indd 410 30 14 11

Ancient Mesopotamia — page 4 — CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 The First Civilization 6 CHAPTER 2 Empires of the Fertile Crescent 20 CHAPTER 3 The Lawgivers 30 CHAPTER 4 Voices of the Fertile Crescent 40 CHAPTER 5 Life in Mesopotamia 54 CHAPTER 6 Death and the Gods 62 CHAPTER 7 Agriculture and Technology 72 CHAPTER 8 Inventing War 78 CHAPTER 9 All That We Ever Were 90 TIMELINE 98 ANCIENT HISTORY 100 GLOSSARY 102 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 104 SOURCE NOTES 106 INDEX 110 ABOUT THE AUTHOR 112 ABD_ANC_MES_FPGS indd 510 30 14 11

Ancient Mesopotamia — page 5 — ABD_ANC_MES_FPGS indd 6 10 30 14 11

Ancient Mesopotamia — page 6 — THE FIRST CIVILIZATION A woman named Enheduanna was one of the most powerful figures in ancient Mesopotamia Enheduanna was still a child when her parents King Sargon and Queen Tashlultum of Akkad conquered Sumer and brought it under Akkadian rule establishing the world’s first empire As Enheduanna grew older she became history’s earliest author The writers of ancient Akkad and Sumer used a form of writing known as cuneiform CHAPTER 1 7 ABD_ANC_MES_FPGS indd 710 30 14 11

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