Pioneers of the Industrial Age

Pioneers of the Industrial Age — page 1 — CHAPTER 19 GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE 68 CHAPTER 20 ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL CHAPTER 21 THOMAS ALVA EDISON 72 76 86 CHAPTER 22 NIKOLA TESLA CHAPTER 23 HENRY FORD 90 CHAPTER 24 CHARLES MARTIN HALL 94 CHAPTER 25 GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER 97 CHAPTER 26 THE WRIGHT BROTHERS I00 CHAPTER 27 GUGLIELMO MARCONI 104 CHAPTER 28 LEE DE FOREST 109 CHAPTER 29 NORA STANTON BLATCH BARNEY II2 CONCLUSION I15 GLOSSARY I17 FOR MORE INFORMATION I2I FOR FURTHER READING 123 INDEX 124

Pioneers of the Industrial Age — page 2

Pioneers of the Industrial Age — page 3 — INTRODUCTION Orville and Wilbur Wright s first successful flight on Dec 17 1903 at Kitty Hawk NC Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division

Pioneers of the Industrial Age — page 4 — INTRODUCTION hough the Industrial Age began more than two centuries ago we continue to benefit from it today Every time one picks up an iPad travels in an automobile or text messages a friend he or she can thank the pioneers of this transformative era in the history of invention which created dramatic new means of production and brought about great technical advances in transportation and communication among numerous other fields Many historians have come to view the process of industrialization as having occurred in two major periods the First Industrial Revolution which spanned from as early as 1760 to the mid 19th century and the Second Industrial Revolution which took place in the late 19th and 20th centuries The First Industrial Revolution was mainly confined to Britain Belgium and France while the Second Revolution witnessed the rise of other industrial powers most notably the United States Duringtheseperiods nations transformed from largely agrarian economies to ones dominated by industry and machine manu facture Technological changes included the use of new basic materials such as iron and 9

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